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| Breton | kastell | large cloud; crow's nest, top; body(of vehicle) |
| Franç.: Gasc. | castilhou | eminence, mound |
| Franç.: Gasc. | castilhat | in a high position |
| Span. | castillo | castle |
| Franç.: FR | châteler | remplir par dessus bord |
| Franç. | château, castel-, châtel-, | numerous toponyms of places where castles have never existed, but that are aracterized by a prominence |
| Franç.: VS | tsaté, tsatelet | numerous oronyms |
| Ital. | castello | castle, French château:prominent construction |
| Gallego | Castro | toponyms frequent in this region where Greek influxes are well documented (see Kastoriá, hereunder) |
| Lat. | castrum | fortress; no possible relation to castrare "couper" or castus "pure" (as in Klein sub castrametation and castrate) |
| Franç. | Castres | a locality |
| Franç.: Uriménil | châtre | bird's crest |
| Engl. | cast | mold; bird pellet; group of performers; a couple or little group of trained falcons. Convergent with to cast "throw etc." which is of kinetic origin |
| Engl. | caster | a metal container; small wheel on a swivel un der furniture |
| Engl. | castor | callosity on a horse leg (another spelling for the preceding) |
| Mod.Greek | Kastoriá | a locality situated on a very prominent peninsula. |
| The folk etym." "parce qu'on y élevait des castors (beavers)" was suggested by the fur industry for which this city is known.There exists no place so unpropitious to raising beavers, and besides, beavers have never been raised in captivity. Other Mod. Greek toponyms: Paleokastron etc. |